International Proceeding Universitas Tulungagung is an outcome of international seminar held by Universitas Tulungagung. This seminar aims to gather and unite various ideas, challenge, and the results of scientific research and practical experience collected in the Proceeding International Seminar Universitas Tulungagung. This seminar is held annually with the latest themes and presents competent speakers in their fields both from within and outside the country. The articles contained in this article cover multidisciplinary studies of all fields. Articles can consist conceptual and research report arranged according to the format/template that has been determined. The language used in this proceeding is English. Without reducing scientific weight, this proceeding accepts writings from authors issued from other tertiary institutions both inside and outside the country whose writings have never been published in any print or online media.
INTEGRATION OF COFFEE COMMODITIES AND COASTAL TOURISM AS AN INNOVATION FOR SUSTAINABLE LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN JENGGLUNGHARJO VILLAGE, TANGGUNGGUNUNG DISTRICT, TULUNGAGUNG REGENCY
Sustainable local economic development requires innovation based on regional potential that integrates community-driven leading sectors. This study aims to analyze the integration between coffee commodities and coastal tourism as a strategy for sustainable local economic development in Jengglungharjo Village, Tanggunggunung District, Tulungagung Regency. A qualitative descriptive approach was applied, using in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and documentation studies as data collection techniques. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results indicate that integrating coffee commodities with coastal tourism creates new economic synergy through the development of coffee-based educational tourism and local product marketing in coastal tourist areas. Collaboration among farmer groups, the tourism awareness group (Pokdarwis), and the village government has led to a social innovation model called “Coastal Coffee Village,” which combines economic, social, and environmental values. Despite several challenges such as limited infrastructure and human resource capacity, this integration strategy has successfully increased community income, strengthened village identity, and established a sustainable direction for local economic growth. This study concludes that cross-sector integration based on local potential is a strategic approach to building an adaptive, inclusive, and competitive rural economy.
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THE APPLICATION OF INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) IN MODERN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS TO IMPROVE FOOD PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY
Global population growth and climate change have created substantial challenges to global food security. Technological innovations, particularly the Internet of Things (IoT), hold great potential in transforming the agricultural sector toward a more efficient, precise, and sustainable system. This study aims to examine the application of IoT in modern agricultural systems and its impact on improving food production efficiency. The research employs a literature review and qualitative analysis of various IoT implementations in the agricultural sector. The results indicate that the application of IoT can increase water use efficiency by up to 40%, reduce operational costs by 20–30%, and enhance crop yields by approximately 25%. However, key challenges remain, including limited digital infrastructure, high initial investment costs, and low technological literacy among farmers. In conclusion, IoT represents a key component in transforming agriculture toward an adaptive, productive, and sustainable food system.
MULTIVARIATE REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT
Mathematics achievement serves as a crucial indicator for assessing students’ logical reasoning, analytical thinking, and problem-solving abilities. However, students’ performance in mathematics is influenced by various internal and external factors. This study aims to analyze the impact of multiple factors on students’ mathematics achievement using a multivariate regression approach. The research involved 129 students from Satya Wacana Christian Junior High School, utilizing questionnaire responses and mid-semester test scores as the dependent variable. A total of 24 independent variables were examined, including demographic factors, family background, learning motivation, and learning environment. The regression analysis revealed a coefficient of determination of R² = 0.3983 and an adjusted R² = 0.1384, indicating that approximately 13.8% of the variance in mathematics performance could be explained by the variables in the model. Three factors were found to have a significant influence: mother’s education (β = +68.4431; p = 0.0138), father’s education (β = +44.981; p = 0.0230), and the availability of Wi-Fi at home (β = –17.8457; p = 0.0129). These findings highlight that parental educational background plays a pivotal role in supporting students’ academic success, whereas uncontrolled internet access may negatively affect learning outcomes. The study underscores the importance of family involvement in the educational process and the need for guidance in utilizing home internet access to foster effective learning.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE LEGAL STATUS OF MEDICAL PRACTICE PERMITS AFTER THE 2023 HEALTH LAW: A JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION PRINCIPLES
The Medical Practice Permit (Surat Izin Praktik/SIP) is an essential instrument in Indonesian administrative law, functioning as legal legitimacy for doctors and dentists to practice their profession. The enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health (Health Law 2023) and its implementing regulation, Government Regulation Number 28 of 2024, has triggered fundamental changes in the medical practice licensing regime, shifting the paradigm from regulation dominated by professional autonomy (self-regulation) towards state-centralized and integrated regulation. This research aims to examine the public administrative law aspects of the SIP's status as a State Administrative Decree (Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara/KTUN) and analyze the implementation of the General Principles of Good Governance (Asas-Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik/AUPB) amidst the digitalization of licensing. The method used is normative juridical with a statute approach, a conceptual approach, and a case study of administrative court disputes. The findings indicate that the SIP remains a KTUN that is concrete, individual, and final, issued by authorized officials at the regional level, and subject to review in the State Administrative Court (Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara/PTUN). However, the implementation of the SIP now highly depends on the national digital integration system (SATUSEHAT SDMK), which poses new challenges in enforcing the AUPB, especially Legal Certainty and Professionalism. This shift in authority demands rapid regulatory harmonization to ensure legal protection for medical personnel and patient safety.
BUILDING A COLLABORATIVE ECOSYSTEM: THE ROLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS, INDUSTRY, AND GOVERNMENT IN ENHANCING GRADUATES’ EMPLOYABILITY
Improving the quality of human resources (HR) is a key factor in addressing global challenges and the Industrial Revolution 4.0, particularly concerning the employability of university graduates entering the workforce. However, the gap between graduates’ competencies and labor market demands remains a significant issue in Indonesia. This study aims to understand how collaboration among universities, industries, and government—within the framework of the Triple Helix model—can effectively enhance graduates’ employability. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through literature review, this research analyzes various sources, policies, and case studies related to the implementation of the Triple Helix collaboration and the Merdeka Belajar–Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policy. The findings reveal that curriculum misalignment with industry needs, limited practical experience, and a lack of soft skills are the main factors contributing to the competency gap among graduates. Synergistic collaboration among the three sectors can strengthen the development of applied curricula, internship programs, and skills training that are responsive to labor market dynamics. Nevertheless, the implementation of such collaboration still faces regulatory barriers, inter-institutional coordination challenges, and insufficient incentives for industry participation. Government programs such as Kedaireka offer strategic opportunities to address these obstacles, but they require greater institutional capacity building and more intensive cross-sector coordination. This study recommends strengthening the integration of the Triple Helix model as an innovative and adaptive educational ecosystem to bridge the gap between higher education and the workforce in Indonesia.
University–Industry–Government Collaboration
APPLICATION OF THE EKARINI EDUCATION MODEL IN PREVENTING DENTAL CARIES IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
Background: Dental caries is still a major health problem in Indonesia, especially among children. Data shows that the prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia reaches 56.9% in children aged >3 years, which will have an impact on children's health and quality of life. Purpose: To determine the effect of the ‘Ekarini’ education model on improving children's knowledge and skills in brushing their teeth to maintain early childhood dental health through a structured educational approach based on children's developmental needs. Methods: This study used an experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The population in this study were children aged 3–6 years at the Quran Hadits Kindergarten in Jambi City. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, resulting in a sample size of 140 children. Finding: The results of this study showed a p-value of 0.000 <0.05, which means that there was a significant difference between the children's knowledge before and after the intervention. Value: This study not only had an impact on improving children's knowledge and skills in dental care, but also contained educational, character, and social values that are very important for the formation of a healthy and independent personality from an early age.
INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN FLOOD DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND PUBLIC SATISFACTION : A CASE STUDY IN BANYUWANGI VILLAGE, MANYAR DISTRICT GRESIK REGENCY
Gresik Regency, which is a flood-prone area, has experienced 66 floods in the last 2 years. This situation is caused by tertiary and secondary channels whose dimensions are too small, and bozems that no longer function due to silting and backfilling into residential areas. This is reinforced by river drainage flow data at 5 points where the upstream channel has a river width of 159m and the downstream river is only 18.4m wide. This causes impacts that are often felt by the local community. BPBD as a response agency has an important role in flood disaster prevention efforts that can reduce the impact. Existing efforts in the flood disaster management process start from predisaster, during disaster, post-disaster. The criteria for assessing public satisfaction are competence, tools and facilities, implementing behavior, and implementing time. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between flood disaster management and public satisfaction in Banyuwangi. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to obtain objective results about flood disaster management in the perception of communities affected by floods. In this study using the spearman rank correlation test with the results obtained the correlation coefitients value of 0.623, meaning a strong relationship and sig- value <.0.001 with a positive correlation, meaning that the higher the flood disaster mitigation efforts carried out, the higher the level of public satisfaction achieved by the BPBD of Gresik Regency.
THE EFFECT OF ANIMATED VIDEOS ON ELEMENTARY SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN IMPROVING KNOWLEDGE ABOUT EARTHQUAKE DISASTERS
Manokwari Regency is an area prone to earthquakes, this is influenced by its location on the Pacific tectonic plate fault. In an effort to minimize the impact that occurs, providing earthquake disaster mitigation needs to be provided starting from elementary school to increase awareness among students. There is one media that can be used in its implementation, namely animated videos. This study aims to determine the extent of the effect of providing simulations using animated videos on the level of knowledge, using a quantitative approach with an experimental design in the form of Paired Sample T-Test testing using measuring instruments, namely Pre-Test and Post-Test questionnaires. During the implementation, the questionnaire was distributed to respondents who were students of grades 5 A and B at SDN 02 Amban. In data processing, it was found that the questionnaire results were not normally distributed, so the Wilcoxon test was used as a benchmark. From the test results, a significant value of 0.000 was obtained. When referring to decision making, if the significant value <0.05 then the hypothesis can be accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that in this study there was an increase before and after treatment using animated video media.
TRADEMARK VALUATION AS CAPITAL IN COOPERATION AGREEMENTS: A FORM OF FAIR TRADEMARK LAW DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
A trademark is not only a distinguishing sign of goods or services but also an intangible asset that hold high economic value. In business practice, trademarks are often used as objects of cooperation agreements, such as licensing, franchising, or joint ventures. However, Indonesia does not yet have legal standards governing trademark valuation, creating legal uncertainty and potential injustice. This paper discusses the urgency of trademark valuation as an asset in cooperation agreements and examines steps to develop a fair trademark law in Indonesia.
ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF PANCASILA EDUCATION LEARNING MEDIA IN UNIVERSITY IN PEKANBARU CITY
This study aims to analyze the use of learning media in Pancasila Education courses at universities in Pekanbaru. The focus of the study is to identify the types of learning media used, their effectiveness, and their contribution to students' understanding and internalization of Pancasila values. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation of ten students from various universities. The results show that the learning process is still dominated by conventional visual media such as PowerPoint, while the use of digital and interactive media is still limited. However, students showed a high interest in innovative learning media such as educational videos, online applications, and interactive simulations that can create a more interesting and contextual learning atmosphere. This study concludes that the integration of digital and interactive media can increase student motivation, participation, and understanding of Pancasila values.
HEGEMONIC MASCULINITY IN YONI DORES’ SONG BAGAI RANTING YANG KERING: A GENDER DOMINATION ANALYSIS IN POPULAR SONG LYRICS
Song lyrics often serve as a medium for reproducing social values, including gender ideology. In popular music, representations of masculinity frequently align with hegemonic norms that position men as dominant figures. This study examines Yoni Dores’ song Bagai Ranting yang Kering to uncover how hegemonic masculinity and gender domination are constructed within its lyrics. The objectives of this study are: (1) to identify linguistic expressions that represent hegemonic masculinity in the song, and (2) to analyze how these expressions reproduce gender domination in the context of Indonesian popular music. The research data consist of the song’s lyrics, analyzed through a qualitative descriptive approach using Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis framework. The findings reveal that the lyrics portray men as strong and dominant, while women are depicted as fragile and dependent. This asymmetrical representation reinforces patriarchal values and naturalizes gender hierarchy within popular culture. Thus, song lyrics function not only as entertainment but also as cultural texts that reproduce hegemonic masculinity
HOW DOES CAMPUS TEAM SUPPORT MOTIVATION STUDENT CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION
This paper critically examines the role of policing in shaping the control of juvenile delinquency in Indonesia. It aims to understand how young offenders are constructed as “problem youth” within the broader framework of social control and criminal justice. Using a qualitative approach through literature analysis and policy review, the study explores how law enforcement institutions interpret, manage, and discipline juvenile behavior. The findings suggest that police practices often reflect a dual role—balancing the responsibility of protection with mechanisms of surveillance and punishment. This paradox illustrates how juvenile control in Indonesia remains influenced by moral, cultural, and institutional discourses that define acceptable youth behavior. The paper highlights that such policing practices tend to reinforce social hierarchies and gendered norms rather than addressing the structural causes of delinquency. By applying a critical lens, this study contributes to the discourse on juvenile justice reform, emphasizing the need for a more restorative and rights-based approach to youth crime control in Indonesia.
POLICING THE ‘PROBLEM YOUTH’: A CRITICAL LENS ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY CONTROL IN INDONESIA
This paper critically examines the role of policing in shaping the control of juvenile delinquency in Indonesia. It aims to understand how young offenders are constructed as “problem youth” within the broader framework of social control and criminal justice. Using a qualitative approach through literature analysis and policy review, the study explores how law enforcement institutions interpret, manage, and discipline juvenile behavior. The findings suggest that police practices often reflect a dual role—balancing the responsibility of protection with mechanisms of surveillance and punishment. This paradox illustrates how juvenile control in Indonesia remains influenced by moral, cultural, and institutional discourses that define acceptable youth behavior. The paper highlights that such policing practices tend to reinforce social hierarchies and gendered norms rather than addressing the structural causes of delinquency. By applying a critical lens, this study contributes to the discourse on juvenile justice reform, emphasizing the need for a more restorative and rights-based approach to youth crime control in Indonesia. This paper critically examines the role of policing in shaping the control of juvenile delinquency in Indonesia. It aims to understand how young offenders are constructed as “problem youth” within the broader framework of social control and criminal justice. Using a qualitative approach through literature analysis and policy review, the study explores how law enforcement institutions interpret, manage, and discipline juvenile behavior. The findings suggest that police practices often reflect a dual role—balancing the responsibility of protection with mechanisms of surveillance and punishment. This paradox illustrates how juvenile control in Indonesia remains influenced by moral, cultural, and institutional discourses that define acceptable youth behavior. The paper highlights that such policing practices tend to reinforce social hierarchies and gendered norms rather than addressing the structural causes of delinquency. By applying a critical lens, this study contributes to the discourse on juvenile justice reform, emphasizing the need for a more restorative and rights-based approach to youth crime control in Indonesia. This paper critically examines the role of policing in shaping the control of juvenile delinquency in Indonesia. It aims to understand how young offenders are constructed as “problem youth” within the broader framework of social control and criminal justice. Using a qualitative approach through literature analysis and policy review, the study explores how law enforcement institutions interpret, manage, and discipline juvenile behavior. The findings suggest that police practices often reflect a dual role—balancing the responsibility of protection with mechanisms of surveillance and punishment. This paradox illustrates how juvenile control in Indonesia remains influenced by moral, cultural, and institutional discourses that define acceptable youth behavior. The paper highlights that such policing practices tend to reinforce social hierarchies and gendered norms rather than addressing the structural causes of delinquency. By applying a critical lens, this study contributes to the discourse on juvenile justice reform, emphasizing the need for a more restorative and rights-based approach to youth crime control in Indonesia.
BIBLICAL-PASTORAL LEADERSHIP IN A DISRUPTED WORLD: A THEOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO THE CRISIS OF TRUST AND MORAL LEADERSHIP
A disrupted world presents great challenges for Christian leadership. The crisis of trust and moral decline has not only affected the social and political spheres, but also the life of the church. This article examines how biblical theology can provide a pastoral response to this crisis through the model of Biblical-Pastoral Leadership. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach based on biblical theology, this study analyzes leadership figures in the Bible, from Moses, Nehemiah, Jesus Christ, and Paul, to discover leadership principles that are relevant to the current context. The results of the study show that the biblical leadership model can be summarized in four main dimensions, namely: spiritual, which is rooted in an encounter with God; moral, which affirms integrity as the basis of authority; relational-pastoral, which restores and unites the community; and contextual-transformative, which dares to reinterpret the values of the Gospel in the midst of changil time. These four dimensions form a Christ-centered leadership framework that not only leads with power but also serves with love.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR INFORMAL WAQF (WAQF SIRI) ASSETS: THE URGENCY OF ISBAT WAKAF AND LAW NUMBER 41 OF 2004 IMPLEMENTATION IN INDONESIA
Waqf (Islamic endowment), as a legal act within the framework of Sharia, holds significant dual dimensions: a deep spiritual dimension and a profound socio-economic dimension aimed at realizing the economic potential of assets for general welfare. However, the common practice of wakaf siri (informal waqf), established through oral declarations or unauthentic deeds, leaves a significant portion of waqf assets in Indonesia in a precarious legal position. This study addresses the legal implications of wakaf siri and analyses the urgency of formal legal protection. Using a normative legal approach, this research examines Law Number 41 of 2004 concerning Waqf and related judicial precedents. The findings indicate that wakaf siri lacks legal certainty, making the assets susceptible to disputes, transfer of ownership, and potential misuse. The judicial mechanism of Isbat Wakaf (legal ratification or confirmation of waqf in the Religious Court) is identified as the critical instrument to formalize and validate these previously informal endowments. Effective implementation of the Waqf Law, particularly the mandatory registration and certification of waqf assets, is crucial to transitioning informal waqf to a legally secure status, thus guaranteeing the asset's perpetuity and achieving its intended social welfare goals.
Kuhap does not provide comprehensive protection for victims of criminal offenses. The current mechanism is excessively focused on the offender rather than the victim, meaning the needs of victims are not adequately accommodated. It is necessary to establish a new mechanism to ensure the protection of victims of criminal offense. In accordance with the problem statement above, this study is categorized as normative legal research, which encompasses analyses of legal principles, legal systematics, the level of legal synchronization, legal history, and comparative law. Protecting victims of crime is fundamentally important; therefore, penal mediation through the Victim Offender Mediation (VOM) approach allows the offender and the victim to meet and discuss the crime that occurred. The VOM mechanism is led by a mediator who assists in formulating an agreement between the offender and the victim, thereby resolving the case through a non-litigation path. The VOM as a mechanism for reforming the criminal justice procedure The implementation of penal mediation by way of dialogue and deliberation to ensure legal protection and justice for the victim constitutes an embodiment of the values contained within Pancasila.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF AN ENTREPRENEURIAL INTEREST INSTRUMENT FOR AGRO-INDUSTRY VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS TO SUPPORT WORK READINESS
This research aims to develop and validate an instrument of entrepreneurial interest for vocational high school (SMK) students in the agroindustry sector to support job readiness. This study was conducted on 27 students of SMK Negeri Bandar Pacitan using a Likert scale questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out descriptively with the help of the SPSS version 27 program. The results of the validity test using Pearson's product moment method showed that 20 question items, 18 were declared valid and 2 were invalid, indicating that most of the items had good construct suitability. The reliability test produced a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.903 which is included in the very reliable category, so that the instrument is considered consistent and stable in measuring entrepreneurial interest. The descriptive analysis showed an average between items of 2.96 to 3.78 which illustrates that students have a high to very high level of entrepreneurial interest. Overall, the instruments developed have proven to be valid, reliable, and effective in measuring the entrepreneurial interest of vocational school students in the agro-industry, and can be the basis for educators in designing learning strategies and entrepreneurship development programs to improve the work readiness of graduates.
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PARADIGM OF CRIMINAL CASE RESOLUTION BASED ON PANCASILA VALUES
This research aims to examine the reconstruction of Indonesia’s criminal justice system by integrating Pancasila values as the philosophical and moral foundation of national law. The current paradigm of Indonesian criminal law, rooted in the civil law system, is predominantly positivistic, viewing law merely as written norms detached from moral values and social justice. As a result, the application of law often loses its humanitarian dimension. This study employs a normative legal research method, drawing on statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, as well as qualitative analysis of relevant primary and secondary legal materials. The first finding reveals an urgent need to shift from a positivist to a Pancasila legal paradigm—one that is more humanistic, dynamic, and substantively just. This paradigm shift is essential to harmonize legal certainty, utility, and justice as an integrated triad of national legal values. The second finding underscores the importance of reconstructing the criminal justice system by adopting a restorative justice model grounded in humanitarian and social justice values. This model places the restoration of social relationships, the offender’s accountability, and the victim’s participation at the core of Pancasila-based criminal justice. The scientific contribution of this research lies in its conceptual synthesis of legal positivism and substantive justice, grounded in the Pancasila legal paradigm, as a foundation for reforming Indonesia’s national criminal law.
ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF LEGISLATION AND REGULATIONS IN ORGANIZING GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT POLICIES IN THE ERA OF NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION
This research aims to examine the role of legislation and regulations in organizing government hospital management policies in the era of national health system transformation. The method used is normative with a literature study approach from various recent books and journals that review legal aspects, public policy, and health system reform in Indonesia. The results of the analysis show that legislation and regulations serve as the main foundation in the formation of government hospital management policies to be able to adapt to the ongoing changes in the national health system. Policies structured through laws and regulations strengthen the governance, transparency, and accountability of government hospitals. Regulations also help harmonize the interests of stakeholders and support the implementation of quality healthcare standards. Regulatory challenges arise from the need for rapid adjustment to technological developments and increasing demands for public services, so strengthening the legal system and supervision is a crucial aspect to ensure the success of this transformation.
THE IMPACT OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN GOVERNMENT HEALTH ORGANIZATION DECISION-MAKING ON PROGRAM SUSTAINABILITY AND SERVICE QUALITY
This study aims to analyze the impact of community participation in government health organization decision-making on program sustainability and service quality. The method used is normative with a literature study approach from books and journals that discuss community participation, health governance, and the effectiveness of public health programs and services. The results of the analysis revealed that community participation makes a significant contribution to improving the sustainability of government health programs by encouraging accountability and transparency in decision-making. Community involvement strengthens the program's sense of ownership and relevance to the real needs of the community. The quality of service aspects is also improved through direct feedback and social control carried out by the community over the implementation of the program. The participatory process allows adaptation and innovation in the management of health organizations based on the aspirations and needs of users. Challenges that need to be overcome include inclusive and representative participation mechanisms so that positive impacts can be felt widely and sustainably.
PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY FORMULATION STRATEGY IN ANTICIPATION OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTS AND REGULATORY CHALLENGES IN THE ERA OF HEALTHCARE DIGITALIZATION
This study aims to analyze the strategy of public health policy formulation in the face of medical technology developments and regulatory challenges that arise in the era of digitalization of health services. The method used is normative with a literature study approach from relevant books and journals to understand the legal foundations, technological implications, and aspects of digital regulation regulation in the health sector. The results of the study show that policy formulation needs to integrate aspects of the adaptation of the latest medical technologies while strengthening a regulatory framework that is responsive to rapid changes in the field of digitalization of health services. A collaborative approach between the government, health workers, and technology players is key in developing effective and sustainable norms. Policies must be able to ensure the security of patient data, digital medical practice standards, and access and equitable distribution of technology-based health services. Regulatory challenges arise due to the rapid pace of technological innovation that has not always been balanced by adequate legal provisions, so it is necessary to have a mechanism for periodic evaluation and revision of policies to maintain a balance between innovation and public protection.
AGRITECHNOLOGY COMPETENCE IN AGRO-PROCESSING AND ITS CONTRIBUTION IN IMPROVING AGRIPRENEUR SKILLS TO REALIZE SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
This study examines the role of agritechnology skills towards agro-processing and their influence on the development of agripreneur skills towards the advancement of sustainable agriculture. Agritechnology skills include environmentally friendly practices, product innovation, and resource management, which are believed to have an impact on entrepreneurial skills such as market study, adaptability, and sustainable business management. Using quantitative correlational study method, for this research participated 275 vocational students of XI grade of Agribusiness of Agricultural Product Processing expertise program at four vocational schools in East Java Province. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach with Partial Least Squares (PLS) was employed for data analysis. The findings revealed that there was a high positive correlation between agritechnology competencies and agripreneur skills. This finding confirms the importance of incorporating green skills in vocational education curriculum as a strategic initiative for fostering sustainable agribusiness practice. This study also provides workable recommendations for curriculum development incorporating technical and entrepreneurial skills, in an attempt to prepare vocational graduates to meet market demands and environmental challenges.
BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF COOPERATIVE GOVERNANCE INSTITUTIONS: TRENDS AND PROSPECT
This study explores the development and intellectual structure of research on cooperative governance institutions globally through bibliometric analysis of 172 Scopus-indexed publications from 2020 to 2025. Cooperative governance institutions have emerged as a vital framework for addressing complex governance challenges, but systematic mapping of the global structure of this field remains limited. Data were analysed using R Studio and Biblioshiny to identify publication trends, key authors, thematic clusters, and international collaborations. Findings reveal that the United States, Indonesia, and China are dominant contributors, with significant author impact from academics such as Chafik and Salah. Thematic analysis highlights recurring concepts such as "governance approach" and "sustainability" as the most frequently emerging themes. Conceptual mapping identified a fragmentation between the theoretical cluster of "governance approach" and the practical cluster of "governance." Crucially, this analysis exposed a theoretical blind spot: the term "institutional" was significantly absent from the main thematic map, indicating a focus on cooperative behaviour or sectors rather than on the formal design of institutions themselves. This study contributes a comprehensive overview of global research on cooperative governance institutions, bridging fragmented theoretical and practical literature. It underscores the need for future research to shift its focus to the design, formalisation, and effectiveness of institutional models, as well as the need for expanded comparative studies.
ETHICAL AND LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY OF PHYSICIANS FOR MEDICAL ACTIONS THAT POSE A RISK TO PATIENTS
This study aims to describe and analyze the ethical and legal responsibilities of physicians for medical actions that pose risks to patients, focusing on the application of informed consent and triggering factors for legal disputes between patients and doctors. The method used is normative research with a descriptive qualitative approach, based on literature studies of legal documents, medical literature, and professional codes of ethics. Data were systematically analyzed to examine the alignment of legal and ethical norms in risky medical practice. The results of the study show that the ethical responsibility of doctors requires the application of the principles of beneficence and non-maleficence, transparency in the communication of medical risks, and full respect for the autonomy of patients. From a legal perspective, the implementation of Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health provides a clear legal umbrella for the protection of patients and doctors, including the obligation of informed consent before medical procedures. However, legal disputes often arise not only due to medical errors, but also due to ineffective communication, unrealistic patient expectations, incomplete documentation, differences in medical interpretation, and psychological factors and hospital management. Thus, fulfilling professional standards accompanied by risk management and good communication can increase patient trust while reducing the potential for legal disputes.
PRESERVING "ISLAM BALI" THROUGH ART: A STUDY OF BURDAH IN PEGAYAMAN VILLAGE, BULELENG, BALI
This research explores the aesthetic, social, and historical value of Burdah art in Pegayaman village, Bali. The research method uses a qualitative method with a descriptive type. The study results show that the aesthetic value of Burdah art can be seen in the players' costumes and the rhythm sung to the rhythm of Balinese songs. The social value of Burdah art is shown in the togetherness of its players in various performances on big and special days, such as the celebration of the Prophet Muhammad's Birthday, praying for the sick and other special days. The historical value, which the elders always internalise to the younger generation, is the origin of this art performed in the village of Pegayaman as part of the history of the entry of the Pegayaman community. These values continue to be maintained to preserve the ancestors' heritage of the multicultural and multiethnic Pegayaman community, a testament to the elders' dedication and wisdom. This finding shows that the Muslim community of Pegayaman is rigorous in maintaining the cultural heritage of their ancestors. The rules of art passed down from generation to generation are continuously maintained to preserve their authenticity.
Burdah art, Islam Bali, multicultural society, cultural preservation
STATE ACCOUNTABILITY FOR FOOD POISONING IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FREE NUTRITIOUS FOOD PROGRAMS: A LEGAL PERSPECTIVE
This study aims to analyze the legal responsibility of the state in cases of food poisoning occurring within the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) in Indonesia, and to examine the regulatory framework governing the state’s obligation to ensure food safety in such public programs. The research employs a normative legal approach, focusing on the analysis of national legislation and relevant international legal instruments. The findings reveal a significant legal gap in the state accountability mechanism, particularly in terms of victim compensation and ineffective oversight of program implementation. Normative and practical constraints such as weak inter-agency coordination and limited victim access to complaint mechanisms are identified as major barriers to the enforcement of state legal responsibility. Therefore, the development of an ideal legal accountability model must integrate administrative, civil, and human rights dimensions, supported by strong law enforcement and regulatory harmonization between central and regional governments. This study provides recommendations for strengthening regulatory frameworks and accountability mechanisms to ensure the protection of citizens’ rights to safe and nutritious food.
IMPLEMENTATION MODEL C-R-E-A-T-E BASED ON DL-AI-ESD IN GREEN CHEMISTRY TO DEVELOP STUDENTS' MULTIPLE CREATIVITY
This research aims to develop students' multiple creativity through the implementation Model C-R-E-A-T-E (Connecting-Restructuring-Elaborating-Applying-Tasking-Evaluating) based on Deep Learning-Artificial Intelligence- Eduaction for Sustainable Development (DL-AI-ESD) in Green Chemistry. The methodology used is Design-based Research (DbR) which focuses on the development and evaluation of innovative learning models in a real context. The research subjects consisted of 80 high school students who were selected purposively. The main instruments used are TCOF (Teaching Creativity Observation Form) to measure aspects of compound creativity, as well as observation sheets to assess student engagement and response during the learning process. Data collection techniques include initial and final tests, classroom observations, and limited interviews. The data was analyzed quantitatively using descriptive and inferential statistical tests, as well as qualitative analysis to explore the dynamics of learning. The results show that significantly increases students' multiple creativity through the implementation Model C-R-E-A-T-E based on D-AI-ESD in Green Chemistry, which includes scientific, social, and ecological creativity. The conclusion, significance, and impact study illustrate that this model also encourages students' active involvement in sustainability issues and data-driven decision-making. This study recommends the application of a similar model in other subjects to support sustainable and transformative 21st century education.
NORMATIVE ANALYSIS OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND LEGAL ACCOUNTABILITY OF HEALTH WORKERS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INFORMED CONSENT
The practice of informed consent in health services in Indonesia is still often understood administratively, without a comprehensive understanding of the underlying ethical and legal foundations. This condition creates a gap between the moral obligations and legal responsibilities of health workers in providing services that are oriented towards patient rights. This study aims to analyze the legal responsibilities of healthcare professionals in implementing informed consent based on Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health, as well as to assess the alignment between legal norms and the ethical principles of the healthcare profession. The type of research used is a literature study with a legal-normative approach. Data were collected through a review of legislation, scientific literature, and professional codes of ethics, then analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods through normative analysis. The results of the study show that there is a stronger integration between the principles of patient autonomy, professional responsibility, and positive legal norms in the practice of informed consent. However, it is still necessary to strengthen ethical education, health law training, and the development of comprehensive national standard operating procedures (SOPs). The conclusion of the study emphasizes the importance of implementing informed consent that is not only formally legal but also ethically and humanistically dignified.
APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF DUE CARE IN MEDICAL PRACTICE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR DOCTOR NEGLIGENCE
This study aims to analyze the application of the principle of duty of care in medical practice and its implications for physician negligence in Indonesia. The method used is normative with a juridical and conceptual approach, reviewing regulations, medical codes of ethics, literature, and court decisions through literature studies. Data were analyzed qualitatively to interpret the relationship between professional standards, duty of care, and legal liability for negligence in medical practice. The results of the study show that the principle of duty of care is the main guideline in determining whether a doctor's action falls into the category of negligence or is still a reasonable professional judgment. The application of this principle requires that every medical procedure be carried out carefully in accordance with operational standards of procedures and full awareness of the potential risks that exist. Violations of principles such as misdiagnosis, improper treatment, and ineffective communication to patients can be considered negligence and have the potential to give rise to civil, criminal, or administrative liability. Factors that affect physician compliance include understanding of regulations and ethics, competence, condition of health facilities, effective communication, and professional supervision. Efforts to prevent medical negligence based on the obligation to be cautious include continuous training, implementation of SOPs, use of information technology, professional supervision, and active patient participation so that health services can be carried out safely, professionally, and reliably.
Due Care, Medical Practice, Doctor Negligence
EVENT MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING BRAND ENGAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF ALMAZ FRIED CHICKEN
Almaz Fried Chicken, a rapidly growing local culinary brand in Indonesia, has successfully employed an event marketing strategy to enhance consumer engagement and increase brand awareness. This study analyzes the event marketing strategy of Almaz Chicken at the Way Halim Branch in Bandar Lampung, aiming to foster brand engagement through Cooking Class activities. This research employs a qualitative case study methodology to examine how event-based marketing communication cultivates emotional, cognitive, and behavioral links between consumers and the brand. Data were gathered through interviews, observations, and documentation, including those from the store manager, employees, and event attendees. The results indicate that Almaz successfully utilized three key elements of event marketing ; Enterprise, Entertainment, and Excitement to create compelling and value-oriented events. These actions enhanced brand impression and impulsive purchasing behavior while also fortifying consumer loyalty and emotional connection. The research suggests that incorporating educational and social ideals into event marketing enhances the brand's perception as a socially responsible and community-focused entity. This research theoretically advances event marketing and brand engagement theory by situating experiential marketing within the context of the Indonesian culinary industry. It provides insights for local culinary businesses to develop interactive, instructional, and immersive marketing strategies that foster lasting consumer relationships.