SHAPLEY POWERED GAME THEORY: MATHEMATICAL OPTIMIZATION OF GREEN BUILDING CONTRACTS FOR SUSTAINABLE CIVIL ENGINEERING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36563/drmgdt10Keywords:
Carbon credits, Contract negotiation, Cooperative game theory, Green building, Greenship PlatinumAbstract
This study addresses the challenges in negotiating contracts for green building projects in sustainable civil engineering, where high initial costs (20–30% premiums for materials like recycled steel and bamboo) often conflict with long-term benefits such as 30–50% energy savings and carbon credits at $50/ton, leading to inefficiencies and greenwashing risks. Drawing on cooperative game theory, the research develops a Shapley Value-based mathematical model to optimize allocations among three stakeholders project owner, contractor, and green material supplier in a hypothetical Greenship Platinum-certified high-rise in Jakarta, Indonesia. The methodology employs simulation in Python with Monte Carlo (10,000 iterations) for uncertainties like carbon price volatility (±20%), sensitivity analysis using partial derivatives (e.g., ), and a customized payoff function integrating sustainability metrics like Global Warming Potential (GWP) reduction (25–35%). Results show equitable allocations of $2.42 million, $2.02 million, and $1.57 million, reducing negotiation conflicts by 25% compared to Nash Bargaining baselines (p < 0.01) and achieving 85% compliance with Greenship criteria. The proposed modified Shapley framework, with , bridges gaps in existing literature by embedding environmental weights, supporting Indonesia’s 31.89% emission reduction target by 2030 and SDG 11. This model offers a blueprint for transparent, resilient contracts, with recommendations for empirical validation in real projects like the Jakarta International Stadium to advance low-carbon construction practices.
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