TRANSFORMATION OF THE LEGAL STATUS OF MEDICAL PRACTICE PERMITS AFTER THE 2023 HEALTH LAW: A JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION PRINCIPLES

Abstract

The Medical Practice Permit (Surat Izin Praktik/SIP) is an essential instrument in Indonesian administrative law, functioning as legal legitimacy for doctors and dentists to practice their profession. The enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health (Health Law 2023) and its implementing regulation, Government Regulation Number 28 of 2024, has triggered fundamental changes in the medical practice licensing regime, shifting the paradigm from regulation dominated by professional autonomy (self-regulation) towards state-centralized and integrated regulation. This research aims to examine the public administrative law aspects of the SIP's status as a State Administrative Decree (Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara/KTUN) and analyze the implementation of the General Principles of Good Governance (Asas-Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik/AUPB) amidst the digitalization of licensing. The method used is normative juridical with a statute approach, a conceptual approach, and a case study of administrative court disputes. The findings indicate that the SIP remains a KTUN that is concrete, individual, and final, issued by authorized officials at the regional level, and subject to review in the State Administrative Court (Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara/PTUN). However, the implementation of the SIP now highly depends on the national digital integration system (SATUSEHAT SDMK), which poses new challenges in enforcing the AUPB, especially Legal Certainty and Professionalism. This shift in authority demands rapid regulatory harmonization to ensure legal protection for medical personnel and patient safety.