ANGKOT+ BMOVE AS A TECHNOLOGY-BASED PUBLIC SERVICE INNOVATION MODEL FOR COLLABORATIVE FINANCING AND FINANCIAL GOVERNANCE IN URBAN TRANSPORTATION
Keywords:
Angkot+ BMove, collaborative financing, financial governance, public service innovation, smart mobilityAbstract
Urban congestion is not merely a technical transportation issue; it also reflects weaknesses in public service governance, limited financing capacity, low technological integration, declining public transport service quality, and the underutilization of alternative revenue models. This article aims to formulate Angkot+ BMove as a conceptual model of public service innovation based on technology, collaborative financing, non-fare revenue, and financial governance in urban transportation. This study employs a conceptual qualitative approach through a narrative literature review and public service business model analysis. The reviewed literature covers digital payment, smart mobility, paratransit modernization, public transport governance, corporate social responsibility, public-private partnership, non-fare revenue, and financial sustainability. The findings indicate that Angkot+ BMove can be positioned as a revitalization model for urban angkot as a form of paratransit that is not only oriented toward congestion mitigation, but also toward building a more efficient, accountable, collaborative, inclusive, and sustainable public service ecosystem. The model is constructed through four main pillars: service digitalization using electronic identity cards, NFC, mobile applications, and real-time tracking; collaborative financing through CSR, sponsorship, and private-sector partnerships; non-fare revenue development through vehicle advertising, stop advertising, interactive radio, application-based promotion, and MSME integration; and financial governance based on transparency, accountability, efficiency, fairness, and sustainability. The contribution of this article lies in developing an urban public transport service management model that integrates economic, technological, managerial, accounting, educational, and social dimensions.
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