POLICY ANALYSIS OF THE MINISTER OF HEALTH REGULATION ON THE ENFORCEMENT OF PROFESSIONAL DISCIPLINE FOR MEDICAL AND HEALTH PERSONNEL BASED ON THE PRINCIPLE OF LEGAL CERTAINTY
Keywords:
Legal Certainty, Hierarchy of Norms, Ultra Vires, Ministerial Regulation, Professional Discipline, Health LawAbstract
This study investigates the legal ramifications of Minister of Health Regulation Number 3 of 2025 concerning the principles of legal certainty and the hierarchy of laws and regulations in Indonesia. The analysis concentrates on governing provisions professional disciplinary infractions, specifically Article 4, paragraph (2), which confers upon the Minister of Health extensive latitude to define or augment categories of disciplinary violations, lacking definitive constraints or explicit delegation from superior legal instruments, specifically Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health and Government Regulation Number 28 of 2024. This kind of regulatory construction shows an abuse of power that goes beyond the technical and operational functions that were given to it and adds new substantive norms, making it an ultra vires act according to authority theory and normative hierarchy. Based on Hans Kelsen's idea of a hierarchy of norms, the study says that ministerial rules are only valid if they follow higher norms. Furthermore, according to Gustav Radbruch's view on legal certainty, norms that give people unlimited power make things unclear and hard to predict for medical professionals who are subject to the law. This makes the law less of a clear and reliable guide. The study finds that regulatory provisions that go beyond the authority given to them put legal certainty and the legal system's coherence at serious risk. They need to be changed to bring back normative consistency and protect professional discipline within a rule-of-law framework.
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